Herbal Burdock may be the next pharmaceutical target to extract a single ingredient for the treatment of infectious diseases, some scientists found.
Infectious diseases are a class of diseases caused by the invasion of pathogenic microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, parasites or fungi.
Bacteria is a type of biological cell consisted of a single cell with a simple internal structure.
Most common diseases caused by bacteria include strep throat, urinary tract infections, and tuberculosis.
Infection occurs when the bacteria successfully invade the body and start to multiply. Most cases of infectious diseases caused by bacteria are treated with antibiotics.
And, most cases of infectious disease are transmitted by airborne you can get sick if you breathe into the air that carries infectious bacteria in air particles, vector-borne if you are stunk by the insect that the bacteria and vehicle-borne if you are eating food or carrying the materials contaminated by the bacteria.
Most cases of bacterial invasion are met with the first line of immune white blood cells. In the active division of bacteria in the acute phase of infectious, the immune system response activated the production of the proinflammatory cytokine to the site of infection with an aim to kill off all bacteria.
However, if the immune fails to kill off all the bacteria within the 3 - 8 weeks period, it then will adapt to the change, leading to chronic inflammatory and infectious diseases.
Not all bacteria are bad, some play an important role to boost the immune function. Dr. Hsin-Jung Wu, the lead author in the study the effect of gut microbiota in immune homeostasis and autoimmunity, said, " The gut microbiota that resides in the gastrointestinal tract provides essential health benefits to its host, particularly by regulating immune homeostasis" and " gut microbiota regulates innate and adaptive immune homeostasis, which in turn can affect the development of not only intestinal but also systemic autoimmune diseases:.
In other words, gut microbiota promotes and balances the immune system in eliminating invading pathogens, while still maintaining self-tolerance to avoid autoimmunity, the critical roles of the immune system for the body’s health.
Burdock is the plant in the group of biennial thistles, genus Arctium, belonging to the family Asteraceae, native to the Euro.
The plant has been used over thousands of years in China and other traditional herbal medicine as a diuretic, diaphoretic, and a blood purifying agent and to treat wounds and infections stomach ulcers and other digestive problems.
The ingredients of herbal Burdock include carbonated water, sugar,, manloid colorings, phosphoric acid, citric acid and a good amount of dietary fiber, calcium, potassium, and amino acids and chemicals compounds of guaianolide, arctinone, arctinal, methyl arctate，11-tridecadien-3，5，7，9-tetraynde-hydrocostus lactone，dehydrodihydrocostus lactone, 3-octenoic acid, 3-hexenoic acid etc.
In finding a natural ingredient or whole foods to replace the conventional antibiotics for the treatment of bacterial infection, the research team of infectious diseases at the University of Ribeirão Preto evaluated the antibacterial activity of a phytotherapeutic agent prepared from an ethyl acetate fraction (AcOEt) extracted from Arctium lappa.
The study includes 27 maxillary canines inoculated with a mixed bacterial suspension of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Streptococcus mutans, and Candida albicans.
The teeth were divided into three groups and their canals filled with:
* Group 1: calcium hydroxide and propylene glycol;
* Group 2, a paste containing AcOEt fraction of A. lappa and propylene glycol; and
* Group 3, propylene glycol (control).
Observation of the 7, 14 and 30 days, when three teeth from each group were opened, researchers found that group 2 treated by the Burdock extract showed a severe growth at 7 days, but no growth at 14 and 30 days, compared to mild growth in group 1 and control.
These results clearly indicated the phytotherapeutic agent extracted from an AcOEt fraction of herbal Burdock process a strong antibacterial activity against the growth of all the microorganisms.
In bacterial straits Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis and Candida albicans used for the investigation of the antimicrobial activity of rough extracts from leaves of Arctium lappa and their phases, researchers at the University of Ribeirão Preto (UNAERP) showed some bioactive compounds with chemical structures of different polarities were found to exert the effect of the extract through different phases of inhibition, depending on the target microorganisms.
Dr. Holetz FB, the lead scientist at the Universidade Estadual de Maringá in the investigation of the ethnobotanical use of the herbal species for the treatment of various infectious diseases, explained, herbal Burdock, one the Brazilian folk medicine may be used for the treatment of chronic infectious diseases induced by bacteria and yeasts.
Herbal Burdock was one out 13 herbal medicine was studied for its antimicrobial activity against bacteria and yeasts, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli.
The evidence showed that herbal Burdock processed abundant bioactive constituents may be considered a functional herb for the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases without inducing any side effectsb
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Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
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Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.References.
(1) In vitro evaluation of the antibacterial activity of Arctium lappa as a phytotherapeutic agent used in intracanal dressings by Gentil M, Pereira JV, Sousa YT, Pietro R, Neto MD, Vansan LP, de Castro França S.(PubMed)
(2) Antimicrobial activity of Arctium lappa constituents against microorganisms commonly found in endodontic infections by Pereira JV, Bergamo DC, Pereira JO, França Sde C, Pietro RC, Silva-Sousa YT.(PubMed)
(3) Screening of some plants used in the Brazilian folk medicine for the treatment of infectious diseases by Holetz FB, Pessini GL, Sanches NR, Cortez DA, Nakamura CV, Filho BP.(PubMed)
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