Scientists may have found a herbal remedy for the prevention and treatment of tongue cancer with no side effects, according to studies.
Tongue cancers is a medical condition characterized by abnormal cell growth in the tongue, due to the alternation of cell DNA.
Most cases of cancer start in the cell of the inner lining tissue of the tongue. At stage 0, cancer cells are not found in the deeper layers of tissue, therefore, most patients at this stage may not experience any symptoms.
At the advanced stage, cancerous cells may travel a distance away from the tongue to infect other healthy tissues or organs through the circulation of fluids and blood, leading to secondary metastasis.
Most common secondary metastasis of tongue cancer in the mouth and muscle surrounding the mouth.
In 2018, approximately 17, 000 new cases of tongue cancer were diagnosed, representing 1% of all cancer cases in the US. Tongue cancer also causes the death of 2,500 people in the country.
The lifetime risk of tongue cancer is 0.4 % including men and women, based on 2013-2015 data. The 5 years survival of all stages of tongue cancer is 65.8%, according to the National Cancer Institute.
If you experience symptoms of a persistent red or white patch on your tongue, a tongue ulcer with persists pain that is not healed in 3 weeks, mouth numbness a sore throat with persistent bleeding from your tongue and lumps that do not go away, you may have tongue cancer. Please check with your doctor to rule out the possibility.
According to the report by the National Institute of Health, “Men who have performed oral sex on five or more women are at greater risk of developing head and neck cancer, especially if they smoke,” the Evening Standard reports.
This story is based on a US study that looked at 9,425 people aged 20 to 59 who provided information about their number of oral sex partners and were tested for oral human papillomavirus (HPV).
Anise is a flowering plant of the species of Pimpinella anisum, genus Pimpinella, belonging to the family Apiaceae native to Egypt and the Mediterranean region.
The popular herb has been used in traditional herbal medicine as a fragrance in soaps, oils, and mouth fresheners and stomachic, antiseptic, antispasmodic, carminative, digestive, expectorant, stimulant, and tonic agent to treat head-lice and mites, increase blood pressure, prevent formation of gas in the gastrointestinal tract and menstrual cramps, etc.
Besides the main ingredient Anethole, herbal Anise also contains, D-pinene, I-phellandrene, Alpha-terpineol, Safrol, Methyl chavicol, Resin, Shikimic acid, etc.
With an aim to discover a natural ingredient or whole food for the treatment of tongue squamous carcinoma with no side effects researchers at the China Medical University, assessed the effects of safrole, one of important food-borne phytotoxin of herbal Anise.
Injection of safrole showed a significant effect in inducing apoptosis in human tongue squamous carcinoma SCC-4 cells.
Safrole-induced apoptosis was attributed to stimulate the function of a protein associated with the secured cell death pathways and inhibit the anti-apoptotic protein expression.
These results were also observed through the ratio of the expression of apoptotic and anti-apoptotic proteins found after injection of safrole.
According to the real-time PCR assay, safrole also promoted the mRNA expressions of proteins involved in the mediation of mitochondrial events of apoptosis in SCC-4 cells.
Dr. the lead scientist, wrote in the report, "Safrole is a cytotoxic effect in human tongue squamous carcinoma SCC-4 cells by inducing apoptosis. The induction of apoptosis of SCC-4 cells by safrole is involved in mitochondria- and caspase-dependent signal pathways".
Additonally in the examining aloe-emodin, one of the anthraquinones found in the anise seed, researchers assessed the anti-cancer effect of aloe-emodin on human tongue squamous carcinoma SCC-4 cells.
Injection of aloe-emodin induced cell death through cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in a dose- and time-dependent manner.
Treatment with 30 microM of aloe-emodin led to cell cycle arrest through activation of the protein involved tumor suppression and suppressed the proteins associated with regulating progression through the cell cycle.
Furthermore, aloe-emodin promoted the release of apoptosis through several inducing factors (AIF) (including endonuclease G (Endo G), procaspase-9 and cytochrome c from the mitochondria via a loss of the mitochondrial membrane potential (DeltaPsi(m))).
Moreover, injection of the free radical scavenger N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and caspase inhibitors markedly blocked aloe-emodin-induced apoptosis.
Taken altogether, herbal Anise processed bioactive compounds safrole and aloe-emodin may be considered a functional herb for the prevention and combined with primary therapy for the treatment of tongue squamous carcinoma.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
References
(1) Safrole induces cell death in human tongue squamous cancer SCC-4 cells through mitochondria-dependent caspase activation cascade apoptotic signaling pathways by Yu FS, Huang AC, Yang JS, Yu CS, Lu CC, Chiang JH, Chiu CF, Chung JG. (PubMed)
(2) Aloe-emodin induces cell death through S-phase arrest and caspase-dependent pathways in human tongue squamous cancer SCC-4 cells by Chiu TH, Lai WW, Hsia TC, Yang JS, Lai TY, Wu PP, Ma CY, Yeh CC, Ho CC, Lu HF, Wood WG, Chung JG.(PubMed)
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