Scientists may have found a natural contraceptive for the prevention of conception, according to studies.
Anti-fertility is an act with the intention to prevent, reduce or destroy fertility by using substances such as contraceptives, herbal medicine in under-developing the world.
Contraceptives are a conventional medicine which allows you to enjoy sex without the risk of getting pregnant. The contraceptive pill is the most common contraceptive agent used in the Western world.
Many women also use a contraceptive pill for the treatment of irregular menstruation, painful or heavy periods, endometriosis, acne, and premenstrual syndrome (PMS).
Most common side effects of the contraceptive pill include gastrointestinal discomforts, intermenstrual spotting, breast tenderness, headaches, and migraine, mood changes, missed periods and vaginal discharge.
Some women using the pill also experience symptoms of decreased libido.
Dr. Davis AR, the lead scientist in the examination of the effect of OCs on sexual functioning, wrote, " in 30 original research studies. In the retrospective, uncontrolled studies (n = 17), it was found that most women reported an increase in libido during OC use. In the uncontrolled, prospective studies (n = 4), it was found that most women reported little change in libido during OC use. In the perspective and cross-sectional controlled studies (n = 4), women using OCs reported both increased and decreased libido compared to non-OC user". and " In the most recent and well-conducted trial, a decrease in libido in OC users compared to placebo users was found".
These results strongly suggested that women may react differently to the use of the contraceptive pill, probably due to the based hormones in the body.
Andrographis paniculata is also known as Andrographis is a herbaceous plant, genus Andrographis, belonging to the family Acanthaceae, native to India and Sri Lanka.
The herbal plant has been used in traditional Siddha and Ayurvedic in treating the common cold, flu, upper respiratory infections, infectious diseases, diarrhea, dysentery, cholera, pneumonia, swollen lymph nodes, leprosy, bronchitis, sore throats, tuberculosis, chicken pox, etc.
Besides the main ingredient andrographolides, giving the plant a bitter taste, other ingredients of herbal Andrographis include diterpene lactones, such as neoandrographolide, andrographiside, 14-doexy-11, 12-didehydro andrographolide, etc., flavonoinds viz., oroxylin, wogonin, andrographidines A, B, C, D, E, F.
With an aim to find a natural ingredient with less cost and no side effect for males contraception, researchers at the Jamal Mohamed College examined the anti-fertility of dry leaf powder of A. paniculata in an animal model.
Dry leaf powder of A. paniculata fed orally to male albino rats, at a dose level of 20 mg powder per day for 60 days showed a significant effect on cessation of spermatogenesis, degenerative changes in the seminiferous tubules, regression of Leydig cells.
The antifertility activity also can be observed by the regressive and/or degenerative changes in the epididymis, seminal vesicle, ventral prostate and coagulating gland.
Furthermore, injection of the powder also reduced the weight and fluid content of the accessory glands.
The results of the treatment also demonstrated the accumulation of glycogen and cholesterol in the testis, and increased activities of lactate dehydrogenase in testis and alkaline phosphatase in testis and ventral prostate.
The finding clearly suggested that dry leaf powder of A. paniculata processes an antispermatogenic and/or antiandrogenic effect on the mice.
Moreover, in albino Wistar rats, researchers tested the anti-male fertility of andrographolide, a major bioactive compound found in herbal Andrographis extract.
The testosterone levels and fertility indices in treatment groups were found to be comparable with that of the control indicating no effect on fertility.
Total sperm count and sperm motility were not affected. The testes and epididymides did not show any gross and histopathological changes.
Administering 0, 20, 200, and 1000 mg/kg of body weight per day, for 65 days prior to mating and 21 days during mating.
The treated groups showed no signs of dose-dependent toxicity. The body weight gain and feed consumption were not affected at any of the dose levels.
The finding clearly suggested that the efficacy of herbal Andrographis in the induction of male infertility is not attributed to a single ingredient but all ingredients in the herbal medicine.
Taken altogether, herbal Andrographis may be considered a natural anti-male fertility or male contraceptive agent with no side effect, pending to the confirmation of large sample size and multicenter human study.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
References
(1) Antifertility effect of Andrographis paniculata (Nees) in male albino rat by Akbarsha MA, Manivannan B, Hamid KS, Vijayan B.(PubMed)
(2) A phase I clinical study of Andrographis paniculata fixed combination Kan Jang versus ginseng and valerian on the semen quality of healthy male subjects by Mkrtchyan A, Panosyan V, Panossian A, Wikman G, Wagner H.(PubMed)
(3) Reproductive and fertility effects of an extract of Andrographispaniculata in male Wistar rats, by Allan JJ, Pore MP, Deepak M, Murali B, Mayachari AS, Agarwal A.(PubMed)
(4) Oral contraceptives and libido in women by Davis AR1, Castaño PM. (PubMed)
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