Chamomile may be considered an adjunct therapy or combined with conventional medicine for treatment of anxiety, some scientists suggested.
Anxiety is a psychological disorder characterized by a constant worry about future events and fear of current events.
A prolonged period of stress from work, school, the personal relationship such as marriage and from an emotional trauma such as the death of a loved one or from a serious medical illness can elevate the onset of the syndrome.
Other causes of anxiety may include long-term use of certain medications and illicit drugs, such as cocaine.
Some researchers also suggested the risk of anxiety are associated with genetic mutation inherited from the parent and traumatic events that alter brain structure and function.
Some people may experience some levels of anxiety in low oxygen levels in high-altitude areas.
Altogether, one may say, anxiety disorder is a result of a combination of biological, psychological, and other individual factors.
If you have some of the symptoms of feeling nervous, restless or tense, a sense of impending danger, panic or doom, an increased heart rate, breathing rapidly, and persistent sweating and trembling. Please check with your doctor to rule out the possibility of an anxiety disorder.
Chamomile is also known as camomile, a common name of many species daisy-like plants in the family Asteraceae.
The herb has been used in traditional medicine as antispasmodic and anti-inflammatory constituents and to treat menstrual cramps and sleep disorders, reduce cramping and spastic pain in the bowels, relieve excessive gas and bloating in the intestine, etc.
Chemical ingredients include
Guaianolides matricarin and achillin, acetoxyachillin and leucodin (= desacetoxymatricarin), corresponding C-11 stereoisomers(a),(Z)-2-β-d-glucopyranosyloxy-4-methoxycinnamic acid (cis-GMCA), chlorogenic acid, (E)-2-β-d-glucopyranosyloxy-4-methoxycinnamic acid (trans-GMCA), quercetagetin-7-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, luteolin-7-O-β-d-glucoside, apigenin-7-O-β-d-glucoside, chamaemeloside, apigenin 7-O-(6″-O-acetyl-β-d-glucopyranoside), apigenin] and one polyacetylene (tonghaosu)(b).
In the finding, a natural ingredient for the treatment of anxiety with no side effects, researchers at the launched a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled and tolerability trial to examine Matricaria recutita (chamomile) extract activity in patients with mild to moderate generalized anxiety disorder (GAD).
In a total of 61 outpatients with mild to moderate GAD were enrolled, and 57 were randomized to either double-blind chamomile extract (n = 28) or placebo therapy (n = 29) for 8 weeks.
Application of Matricaria recutita (chamomile) extract demonstrated a significantly greater reduction in the mean total Hamilton Anxiety Rating (HAM-A) score compared to placebo.
There are no intolerated adverse effects found in both groups.
Dr. Amsterdam JD, the lead author at the final report, wrote. "chamomile may have modest anxiolytic activity in patients with mild to moderate GAD".
Additionally, in the study to determine whether commercially available botanicals directly affect the primary brain enzymes responsible for gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) metabolism, researchers launched an analysis of the anxiolytic effects of chamomile aqueous and ethanolic plant extracts.
The chamomile aqueous extract showed significant inhibition of GAD activity (0.11-0.65 mg/mL) without affecting the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) metabolism.
These findings suggested chamomile aqueous extract exerts anxiolytic activity through interaction with the glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) in the influence of neurotransmission.
Furthermore, in the study of the sedative effects of Apigenin, the bioactive compound isolated from Chamomile in mice, researchers found that
* Apigenin competitively inhibited the binding of flunitrazepam, a powerful hypnotic drug that is a benzodiazepine derivative with a Ki of 4 microM in exerting the sedative activity.
* Apigenin had a clear anxiolytic activity in mice are the elevated plus-maze which are used to test the anxiety in the laboratory.
Increased application of Apigenin by a 10-fold compared to normal concentrations displays a mild sedative effect as seen on a 26% reduction in ambulatory locomotor activity and a 35% decrement in hole-board parameters.
Taken altogether, herbal chamomile with abundant bioactive compounds may be considered a secondary therapy or combined with conventional medicine for the treatment of anxiety, pending to larger and multi-centers human studies.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
References
(1) A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of oral Matricaria recutita (chamomile) extract therapy for generalized anxiety disorder by Amsterdam JD1, Li Y, Soeller I, Rockwell K, Mao JJ, Shults J.(PubMed)
(2) Effects of traditionally used anxiolytic botanicals on enzymes of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) system by Awad R1, Levac D, Cybulska P, Merali Z, Trudeau VL, Arnason JT. (PubMed)
(3) Apigenin, a component of Matricaria recutita flowers, is a central benzodiazepine receptors-ligand with anxiolytic effects by Viola H1, Wasowski C, Levi de Stein M, Wolfman C, Silveira R, Dajas F, Medina JH, Paladini AC. (PubMed)
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