The nasopharynx is an upper part of the pharynx, connecting the nasal cavity above the soft palate with a primary function that allows us to breathe through the nose.
Nasopharyngeal cancer is a medical condition characterized by irregular cell growth in the tissues of the nasopharynx.
Most cases of nasopharyngeal cancer start in the cell on the surface of the inner lining of the nasopharyngeal tissue before penetrating into deeper layers to form a tumor through cell cycle division.
A recent joint study led by the Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University Dental College & Hospital suggested that cranberry extract may be potent to inhibit oral cancer.
Cranberry is an evergreen dwarf shrub, genus Vaccinium, belongings to the family Ericaceae, native to Northern America and Southern Asia. Because of its health benefits, cranberry has been cultivated in some parts of the world for commercial profit and used in traditional and herbal medicine to treat wounds, urinary disorders, diarrhea, diabetes, stomach ailments, and liver problems.
According to the TNM system, nasopharyngeal cancer can be classified into stages depending on the size and location of the tumor.
* TX is the stage that the primary tumor cannot be found.
* T0 is the stage that the primary tumor cannot be measured.
* T1 is the stage that the tumor has not spread beyond the nasopharynx.
* T2 is the stage that the tumor extends into the soft tissue of the middle throat.
* T3 is the stage that the tumor has extended into the bone structure or into the area behind the nose.
* T4 is the advanced stage nasopharyngeal cancer in which the tumor has spread to other parts of the body.
The study included 3 dose-related parameters GI50, TGI, and LC50 of cranberry extract used in a number of oral cancer cell lines compared to Chlorhexidine (CHX).
In KB (Nasopharyngeal carcinoma), the application of CE at a dose of 80µg/ml demonstrated a 70.6% growth inhibition.
However, at the same dose, CE showed no anti-cancer property against AW13516 cell line, a poorly to moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue.
Compared to CE, CHX demonstrated 80.15% & 95.7% of growth inhibition against AW13516 & KB cell line respectively.
Furthermore, compared to the drug Adriamycin, both CE and CHX were less potency reflected by their GI50, TGI, and LC50 values.
In other words, cranberry extracts exerted efficacy against nasopharyngeal cancer, similarly to those of chemo drugs.
Based on the results, researchers said, "CHX exhibited better anti-cancer properties than CE for both the oral cancer cell lines (AW13516 and KG) cell line ".
Taken altogether, cranberry extract may be considered a functional remedy for the prevention and treatment of nasopharyngeal cancer, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
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Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Anticancer activity of chlorhexidine and cranberry extract: an in-vitro study.
Khairnar MR1, Wadgave U1, Jadhav H2, Naik R. (PubMed)
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