Primary glioblastoma is one of the most aggressive cancers that begins within the brain. Cancer may arise as a Grade IV tumor with no evidence.
According to the statistic, the median survival time of primary glioblastoma is approximately 3 months without medical treatment. Glioblastomas represent about 15% of all primary brain tumors.
In the US, the median age of glioblastoma diagnosed is 64 years and the incidence of the disease onset is 1.6 times higher in males compared to females.
Furthermore, the condition is 2 times higher in Caucasians compared to Africans and Afro-Americans.
Because of the rapid growth, patients diagnosed with primary glioblastoma experience sudden brain swelling and increased brain pressure, leading to symptoms of nausea, vomiting, and severe headaches and localized symptoms depending on the location of the tumor.
Conventionally, radiation and chemotherapy are the most common forms of treatment for patients with glioblastoma particularly, in a tumor that cannot be removed with surgery.
The causes of glioblastoma are not identified. However, the increased in age and genetic preposition are the 2 most common risk factors found in patients with the disease.
Dr. Athanassios P. Kyritsis, in the concern of the rapid progression of glioblastoma, wrote, "Scientific evidence during the last few years has revealed several constitutive genetic abnormalities that may influence glioma formation".
And, "These germline abnormalities are manifested as either gene polymorphisms or hemizygous mutations of key regulatory genes that are involved either in DNA repair or in apoptosis".
Ashwagandha also is known as Withania somnifera is a nightshade plant in the genus of Withania, belongings to the family Solanaceae, native to the dry parts of India, North Africa, Middle East, and the Mediterranean.
The herbal medicine has been considered as Indian ginseng and used in Ayurvedic medicine over 3000 years to treat tumors and tubercular glands, carbuncles, memory loss, and ulcers and considered as anti-stress, cognition-facilitating, anti-inflammatory, and anti-aging herbal medicine.
On finding a potential compound for the treatment of gliomas, the type of primary brain tumor in adults, researchers examined the effects of Withania somnifera (ashwagandha) on neuronal cell lines.
In vitro, ashwagandha water extract (ASH-WEX) showed a strong cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase by activating multiple pro-apoptotic pathways associated with genes in the suppression of cells progression and proliferation, such as cyclin D1, bcl-xl, and p-Akt.
Furthermore, the expression of the polysialylated form of neural cell adhesion molecule (PSA-NCAM) and matrix metalloproteinases that promote neural plasticity and tumor malignancy was also inhibited by the administration of the extract.
Moreover, in vivo, ASH-WEX also suppressed the tumor-promoting proteins such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and exerted the aforementioned effects in the rat model of orthotopic glioma allograft.
Additionally, the extract not only inhibited the reduction in glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and upregulation of mortalin associated with cancer malignancy and poor prognosis but also blocked neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) expression in tumor-bearing tissue involved cancer cell proliferation, motility, and migration.
Based on the findings, researchers said, "ASH-WEX in glioma with in vivo model system offers new opportunities to develop a therapeutic strategy for safe, specific, and effective formulations for treating brain tumors".
Taken altogether, Ashwagandha may be considered a functional herb for the prevention and treatment of glioblastoma, pending to the confirmation of larger sample size and multicenter human study.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Withaferin A and its potential role in glioblastoma (GBM) by Dhami J1, Chang E2, Gambhir SS. (PubMed)
(2) Withania somnifera Suppresses Tumor Growth of Intracranial Allograft of Glioma Cells by Kataria H1,2, Kumar S1, Chaudhary H1,2, Kaur G. (PubMed)
(3) Chapter 8Epidemiology and Outcome of Glioblastoma by Ahmad Faleh Tamimi and Malik Juweid (NCBI)
(4) Inherited predisposition to glioma by Athanassios P. Kyritsis, Melissa L. Bondy, Jasti S. Rao, and Chrissa Sioka. (PMC)
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