Wednesday, June 29, 2016

The Incredible Smoothie of Sweet Potato, Olive and Pumpkin Seed for Prevention of Stillbirth

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar, master of Nutrients), all right reserved.
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
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Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

The smoothie for reduced risk of Stillbirths
Yield: 2 serving (about 8 ounce each)
1/2  cup sweet potato
1/2  cup olive
1/2 cup pumpkin seed
1 cup rice milk

1. Place all ingredients in a blender and puree about 1 minute
2. Blend on high speed about 1 minute or until the mixture is thick and the ice is well crushed.
3. Serve immediately

The finding of a natural source for reduced risk of Stillbirths has encountered many obstacles, many ingredients showed initially the promising result in animal studies have not produced same potentials in large sample size and mutli centers human trials.

Still birth is defined as the death of fetus in the uterus after 20 weeks of pregnancy or the fetus weighs more than 400 grams (14 oz) before it was born. Most stillbirths occur in full term pregnancies and 1 in 200. Global estimates suggest that at least 3.2 million stillbirths occur annually, with 98% of these occurring in the developing world.

Recent studies back by renowned institution suggested that Pumpkin seed(zinc), olive (Omega 3 fatty acids) and Sweet Potato(Vitamin E) may consist a therapeutic value for reduced risk and treatment of oxidative stress in induction of diseases and syndromes.

Pumpkin seed or pepita is an edible seed of a pumpkin with flat, dark green color, genus Cucurbita and belongings the family Cucurbitaceae. The origin of pumpkins is unknown, although many people believe that they have originated in North America. According to a double-blind, randomised controlled trial, Egypt, some pregnant women aged 20–45 years with low serum Zn level below the estimated median for the gestational age are associated to higher risk of pregnancy complications and early neonatal infection(1).
Dr. Vallet JL and the colleagues at the USDA, ARS, U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, intake of zinc supplementation appeared to improve myelination, but zinc alone improved stillbirth and preweaning survival(2) and Omega 3 fatty acids increased overall stillbirth rate and the stillbirth rate during prolonged farrowing(2).
Olive is belongings to the the family Oleaceae, native to the coastal areas of the eastern Mediterranean Basin and south end of the Caspian Sea. Its fruit, also called the olive is the source of olive oil. According to the Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, intake of Omega 3 fatty acids during pregnancy, promoted favorable outcome, including weight and length, less motility in comparison to control(3).
Dr. Imhoff-Kunsch B and colleagues at the Emory University, reiterated that Omega 3 fatty acids improved pregnancy and birth outcomes, such as infant death, or stillbirth through decreased risk of early preterm delivery and a modest increase in birthweight(4).

Vitamin E, found abundantly in sweet potato, best known for its powerful antioxidant property is a fat soluble vitamin. According to the University of São Paulo, injectable vitamin E is associated to reduce risk of stillbirth in animal model.(5).
Dr. Gallo C and colleagues at the Universita' di Roma "La Sapienza" insisted that intake of vitamin C and E may reduce the adverse outcome including intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), prematurity, stillbirth, and the sudden infant death syndrome in active or passive smoking during pregnancy(6).

The Smoothie of Sweet Potato, Olive and Pumpkin Seed may hold a key for further studies in production of effective natural ingredients for prevention of stillbirth without inducing adverse effects.
Women who are pregnant with increased risk of stillbirth due to family history, ... should drink at least one cup or more daily, depending to the digestive toleration.






References
(1) The effect of zinc supplementation on pregnancy outcomes: a double-blind, randomised controlled trial, Egypt by Nossier SA, Naeim NE, El-Sayed NA, Abu Zeid AA.(PubMed)
(2) Effect of essential fatty acid and zinc supplementation during pregnancy on birth intervals, neonatal piglet brain myelination, stillbirth, and preweaning mortality by Vallet JL1, Rempel LA2, Miles JR2, Webel SK3.(PubMed)
(3) Reproductive long-term effects, endocrine response and fatty acid profile of rabbit does fed diets supplemented with n-3 fatty acids by Rebollar PG1, García-García RM2, Arias-Álvarez M3, Millán P2, Rey AI3, Rodríguez M2, Formoso-Rafferty N2, de la Riva S2, Masdeu M2, Lorenzo PL2, García-Rebollar P4.(PubMed)
(4) Effect of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid intake during pregnancy on maternal, infant, and child health outcomes: a systematic review by Imhoff-Kunsch B1, Briggs V, Goldenberg T, Ramakrishnan U.(PubMed)
(5) Effect of injectable vitamin E on incidence of retained fetal membranes and reproductive performance of dairy cows by Pontes GC1, Monteiro PL Jr1, Prata AB1, Guardieiro MM1, Pinto DA1, Fernandes GO1, Wiltbank MC2, Santos JE3, Sartori R4.(PubMed)
(6) Potential therapeutic effects of vitamin e and C on placental oxidative stress induced by nicotine: an in vitro evidence by Gallo C1, Renzi P, Loizzo S, Loizzo A, Piacente S, Festa M, Caputo M, Tecce MF, Capasso A.(PubMed)

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