Thursday, June 30, 2016

The Holistic prevention, management and treatment of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: TCM Herbal Medicine for Kidney Yang deficiency - Mu Dan Pi

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar, Master of Nutrients), all right reserved.
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
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Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

                Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome is defined as endocrinologic diseases among reproductive-age women caused by undeveloped follicles clumping on the ovaries that interferes with the function of the normal ovaries associated with a high risk for metabolic disorder(1) as resulting of enlarged ovaries(2), leading to hormone imbalance(excessive androgen and anti-müllerian hormone (AMH) )(1)(3)(4)(5), induced Hirsutism(6)(7), reproductive disorder(10(12)), risks of type 2 diabetes(9)(10)(11), metabolic syndrome(10)(12) and early cardiovascular disease(8)(13), acne(10)(14), endometrial cancer(18)(19),weight gain and obesity(15)(16)(17). The syndrome effects over 5% of women population or 1 in 20 women.
Unfortunately, according to studies, women with PCOs after the reproductive age, are associated to continuously increase risk of type II diabetes, with no increasingaltered glucose tolerance(20), CVD and hypertension(21).


Management and Treatment according to Traditional Chinese Medicine Perspective

While conventional medicine focus of using synthetic medication to induce ovulation and assisted artificial insemination for infertility couple, if the medicine fail, traditional Chinese medicine views polycystic ovarian syndrome in different approaches.

Polycystic ovary syndrome, according to traditional Chinese medicine is a medical condition characterized by accumulative of fluid over a prolonged period of time causes of dampness and phlegms(1247a)(1247b) build up on the ovaries due to the effects of vary differentiations, affecting not only the women’s menstrual cycle, but also ovulation and fertility(1247a)(1247b).

Depending to differentiation, most common diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome can be classified into                  

                           Kidney yang deficiency

Along with common symptoms mentioned above, women with PCOs diagnosed with kidney yang deficiency may also experience yang vacuity induced cold expressive syndrome, including
lumbago, cold limbs, fatigue, cold aversion, feverish sensation in chest, palms and soles(1573),
difficulty in urination, enuresis, incontinence, declining libido and edema(1574) as a result of kidneys no longer perform their function in store fluid to moister and warm the body for healthy function in the body's organs and tissues, inducing adrenal insufficient chronic lower back pain(1575)(1580), depression(1575), hypothyroidism(1579)(1575), nephritis(1578)(1575), ...(1575), leading to failure in transform damp heat expression, promoted accentuation of inflammatory development of phlegm(1583).
Kidney yang deficiency has shown to alter carbohydrate and lipid metabolisms (free fatty acids, 1-monolinoleoylglycerol, and cholesterol), gut microbiota metabolism (indole-3-propionic acid), indued anovulatory infertility( 1581) and hypertension(1582) of which related to symptoms of PCOs(1576)(1577).

Herbal medicine for kidney yang deficiency

1. Cortex Radicis Moutan (Mu Dan Pi)
Mu dan pi also known as peony, the acrid, bitter, mildly cool herb has been used in traditional Chinese medicine as anti microbial(1687)(1688), anti inflammatory(1690)(1691)(1692)(1694), antioxidant(1693), anti hypertensive(1690), antiseptic(1690), improved thrombocyte coagulation(1690), immune (1704) and central nervous systems(1705) agents and for treatment of gastric erosion(1695), allergenic rhinitis(1689)(1692),... by enhancing functions of heart, liver, kidney channels(1686)..

Chemical constituents
1. Paeonol
2. Paeonoside
3. Paeonolide
4. Apiopaeonoside
5. Paeoniflorin
6. Ozypaeoniflorin
7. Benzoylpaeoniflorin
8. Benzoyl-oxypaeoniflorin
9. Gallic acid
10. 1,23,4,6-pentagalloylglucose
11. Etc.

In management of women with PCOs, moutan exhibited anti oligo/amenorrhoea and hyperandrogenism(16996), reduced luteinising hormone (LH)(1696), prolactin(1696), fasting insulin(1696) and testosterone(1696). anti high blood pressure(1690)(1697), anti insulin resistance(1698)(1699), improved carbohydrate(1703) and lipid metabolism(1700), anti obesity(1702)(1703) and anti complications of diabetes(1701)(1704) and cardiovascular disease(1706)(1707)(1708).


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References
(1) Adiposity and metabolic dysfunction in polycystic ovary syndrome by Sam S.(PubMed)
(2) A "kiss" before conception: triggering ovulation with kisspeptin-54 may improve IVF by Young SL.(PubMed)
(3.) Androgen hyperfunction and excessive heterosexual hair growth in women, with special attention to the polycystic ovarian syndrome by Lunde O1.(PubMed)
(4) Expression of anti-Müllerian hormone in letrozole rat model of polycystic ovary syndrome by Du DF1, Li XL, Fang F, Du MR.(PubMed)
(5) [Serum levels of anti-muller hormone in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and healthy women of reproductive age].[Article in Bulgarian] by Parahuleva N, Pehlivanov B, Orbecova M, Deneva T, Uchikova E.(PubMed)
(6) [Current opinions on the etiology and pathophysiology of hirsutism].[Article in Polish] by Krysiak R1, Kedzia A, Okopień B.(PubMed)
(7) The clinical evaluation of hirsutism by Somani N1, Harrison S, Bergfeld WF.(PubMed)
(8) Polycystic ovary syndrome and insulin: our understanding in the past, present and future by Mayer SB1, Evans WS, Nestler JE.(PubMed)
(9) Association of mean platelet volume with androgens and insulin resistance in nonobese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome by Dogan BA1, Arduc A2, Tuna MM1, Karakılıc E1, Dagdelen I1, Tutuncu Y1, Berker D1, Guler S1.(PubMed)
(10) Approach to the patient: contraception in women with polycystic ovary syndrome by Yildiz BO1.(PubMed)
(11) Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS): a significant contributor to the overall burden of type 2 diabetes in women by Talbott EO1, Zborowski JV, Rager JR, Kip KE, Xu X, Orchard TJ.(PubMed)
(12) Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Slovak women with polycystic ovary syndrome and its relation to metabolic and reproductive abnormalities by Figurová J1, Dravecká I, Javorský M, Petríková J, Lazúrová I.(PubMed)
(13) Role of Insulin Sensitizers on Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis by Thethi TK1, Katalenich B2, Nagireddy P3, Chabbra P4, Kuhadiya N5, Fonseca V1.(PubMed)
(14) Acne in hirsute women by Lumezi BG1, Pupovci HL1, Berisha VL1, Goçi AU2, Gerqari A3.(PubMed)
(15) Obesity and polycystic ovary syndrome by Naderpoor N1, Shorakae S, Joham A, Boyle J, De Courten B, Teede HJ.(PubMed)
(16) Polycystic ovary syndrome: a complex condition with psychological, reproductive and metabolic manifestations that impacts on health across the lifespan by Teede H1, Deeks A, Moran L.(PubMed)
(17) Metabolic Evidence of Diminished Lipid Oxidation in Women WithPolycystic Ovary Syndrome. by Whigham LD1, Butz DE2, Dashti H3, Tonelli M3, Johnson LK1, Cook ME2, Porter WP4, Eghbalnia HR5, Markley JL6, Lindheim SR7, Schoeller DA8, Abbott DH9, Assadi-Porter FM10.(PubMed)
(18) Risk of endometrial, ovarian and breast cancer in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Barry JA1, Azizia MM1, Hardiman PJ2.(PubMed)
(19) Risk of cancer among women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a Danish cohort study by Gottschau M1, Kjaer SK2, Jensen A1, Munk C1, Mellemkjaer L3.(PubMed)
(20) Polycystic ovary syndrome: metabolic consequences and long-term management by Carmina E1.(PubMed)
(21) Arterial stiffness is increased in asymptomatic nondiabetic postmenopausal women with a polycystic ovary syndrome phenotype by Armeni E1, Stamatelopoulos K, Rizos D, Georgiopoulos G, Kazani M, Kazani A, Kolyviras A, Stellos K, Panoulis K, Alexandrou A, Creatsa M, Papamichael C, Lambrinoudaki I.(PubMed)
(1246) [Clinical study of area of Jiangsu province of polycystic ovarian syndrome correlation distribution of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome type and improper diet]. [Article in Chinese] by Feng Y, Gao YP.(PubMed)
(1247) [Preliminary study on relationship of disease-syndrome-symptom of ovulatory disorder infertility based on factor analysis]. [Article in Chinese] by Li M, Ma K, Shan, J.(PubMed)
(1247a) A Comprehensive Treatment of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) byLiqin Zhao
(1573) [Effect of tonifying kidney on compliability of the aged]. [Article in Chinese] by Xu JH1, Cui L, Jia BH.(PubMed)
(1574) Understanding Kidney Yin and Kidney Yang(Shen-Nong shi)
(1575) Kidney Yang Deficiency: Use Warming Foods and Moxibustion By Jody Smith(Empow her)
(1576) Metabolic Signatures of Kidney Yang Deficiency Syndrome and Protective Effects of Two Herbal Extracts in Rats Using GC/TOF MS by Zhao L1, Wu H, Qiu M, Sun W, Wei R, Zheng X, Yang Y, Xin X, Zou H, Chen T, Liu J, Lu L, Su J, Ma C, Zhao A, Jia W.(PubMed)
(1577) Metabolic profiling reveals therapeutic biomarkers of processed Aconitum carmichaeli Debx in treating hydrocortisone induced kidney-yang deficiency syndrome rats by Tan Y1, Liu X2, Lu C3, He X1, Li J4, Xiao C5, Jiang M1, Yang J1, Zhou K6, Zhang Z2, Zhang W7, Lu A8.(PubMed)
(1578) [Multi-center randomized control study on the effects of syndrome differentiated traditional Chinese medicine therapy on CKD 1-2 with chronic nephritis proteinuria].

[Article in Chinese] by Wu F, Zhang PQ, Wang XQ, Nie LF, Fu XJ, Peng W, Wang Y, Li J, Bi YP, Mi XH, Ding XQ, He LQ.(PubMed)
(1579) [Effect of Chinese herbs on the circadian rhythm of body temperature and heart rate in rabbits with hypothyroidism (yang deficiency)].[Article in Chinese by Xu M1, Deng X, Zhang X, Liu S, Liu X.(PubMed)
(1580) Chinese acupuncture for chronic low back pain: an international expert survey by Molsberger AF1, Zhou J, Arndt D, Teske W.(PubMed)
(1581) [Preliminary study on relationship of disease-syndrome-symptom of ovulatory disorder infertility based on factor analysis].[Article in Chinese] by Li M, Ma K, Shan J.(PubMed)
(1582) Traditional chinese medicine syndromes for essential hypertension: a literature analysis of 13,272 patients by Wang J1, Xiong X1, Liu W1.(PubMed)
(1583) Polycystic Ovary Syndrome - a TCM Perspective by Donna Dupre, L.Ac.

(1686) Mu dan pi(Complementary and Alternative Healing University)
(1687) Effect of traditional Chinese medicinal herbs on Candida spp. from patients with HIV/AIDS by Liu X1, Han Y, Peng K, Liu Y, Li J, Liu H.(PubMed)
(1688) Potent anti-microbial activity of traditional Chinese medicine herbs against Candida species by Seneviratne CJ1, Wong RW, Samaranayake LP.(PubMed)
(1689) Inhibitory effects of Moutan cortex on immediate allergic reactions by Jiang S1, Nakano Y, Yatsuzuka R, Ono R, Kamei C.(PubMed)
(1690) [Pharmacological of cortex moutan and core][Article in Chinese] by Li Y1, Zhang W, Huang L, Shi J.(PubMed)
(1691) Screening of bioactive compounds from moutan cortex and their anti-inflammatory activities in rat synoviocytes by Wu M1, Gu Z.(PubMed)
(1692) Anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic activities of Pentaherb formula, Moutan Cortex (Danpi) and gallic acid by Liu KY1, Hu S, Chan BC, Wat EC, Lau CB, Hon KL, Fung KP, Leung PC, Hui PC, Lam CW, Wong CK.(PubMed)
(1693) Screening of a polar extract of Paeonia rockii: composition and antioxidant and antifungal activities by Picerno P1, Mencherini T, Sansone F, Del Gaudio P, Granata I, Porta A, Aquino RP.(PubMed)
(1694) Effects of paeonol on anti-neuroinflammatory responses in microglial cells by Lin C1, Lin HY2, Chen JH3, Tseng WP4, Ko PY5, Liu YS6, Yeh WL7, Lu DY8,9.(PubMed)
(1695) [Pharmacological studies on the root bark of Paeonia moutan. II. Anti-inflammatory effect, preventive effect on stress-induced gastric erosion, inhibitory effect on gastric juice secretion and other effects of paeonol].[Article in Japanese] by Harada M, Yamashita A, Aburada M.(PubMed)
(1696) Herbal medicine for the management of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and associated oligo/amenorrhoea and hyperandrogenism; a review of the laboratory evidence for effects with corroborative clinical findings by Arentz S, Abbott JA, Smith CA, Bensoussan A.(PubMed)
(1697) Anti-hypertensive effects of shichimotsukokato in 5/6 nephrectomized Wistar rats mediated by the DDAH-ADMA-NO pathway by Bai F1, Makino T, Ono T, Mizukami H.(PubMed)
(1698) Effects of paeoniflorin on tumor necrosis factor-α-induced insulin resistance and changes of adipokines in 3T3-L1 adipocytes by Kong P1, Chi R, Zhang L, Wang N, Lu Y.(PubMed)
(1699) [Effects of total glucosides of paeony on enhancing insulin sensitivity and antagonizing nonalcoholic fatty liver in rats].[Article in Chinese] by Zheng LY1, Pan JQ, Lv JH.(PubMed)
(1700) Novel effect of paeonol on the formation of foam cells: promotion of LXRα-ABCA1-dependent cholesterol efflux in macrophages by Zhao JF1, Jim Leu SJ, Shyue SK, Su KH, Wei J, Lee TS.(PubMed)
(1701) Review of the effects of the traditional Chinese medicine Rehmannia Six Formula on diabetes mellitus and its complications by Poon TY1, Ong KL, Cheung BM.(PubMed)
(1702) Natural products: a safest approach for obesity by Vasudeva N1, Yadav N, Sharma SK.(PubMed)
(1703) Protection by tree-peony (Paeonia suffruticosa Andr) of obesity in (SLN x C3H/He) F1 obese mice by Nagasawa H1, Iwabuchi T, Inatomi H.(PubMed)
(1704) Immunomodulatory and Antidiabetic Effects of a New Herbal Preparation (HemoHIM) on Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice by Kim JJ1, Choi J1, Lee MK2, Kang KY3, Paik MJ3, Jo SK4, Jung U4, Park HR4, Yee ST5.(PubMed)
(1705) Neuroprotective effect of paeoniflorin on cerebral ischemic rat by activating adenosine A1 receptor in a manner different from its classical agonists by Liu DZ1, Xie KQ, Ji XQ, Ye Y, Jiang CL, Zhu XZ.(PubMed)
(1706) Cardioprotective effect of total paeony glycosides against isoprenaline-induced myocardial ischemia in rats by Long J1, Gao M, Kong Y, Shen X, Du X, Son YO, Shi X, Liu J, Mo X.(PubMed)
(1707) Cardioprotective effect of gallic acid on cardiac troponin-T, cardiac marker enzymes, lipid peroxidation products and antioxidants in experimentally induced myocardial infarction in Wistar rats by Priscilla DH1, Prince PS.(PubMed)
(1708) Effects of total glucosides from paeony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall) roots on experimental atherosclerosis in rats by Li J1, Chen CX, Shen YH.(PubMed)

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