Andrographis paniculata is also known as Andrographis is a herbaceous plant, genus Andrographis, belonging to the family Acanthaceae, native to India and Sri Lanka, used in traditional Siddha and Ayurvedic in treating the common cold, flu, upper respiratory infections, infectious diseases, diarrhea, dysentery, cholera, pneumonia, ...
Cognitive impairment is considered an early stage of dementia-related to progression of aging.
Andrographis paniculata (Burm. F.) Wall. Ex Nees (Acanthaceae), the forgotten herbal medicine may have a potential effect in reducing the early brain cell damage in the expression of cognitive impairment, a renowned institute study suggested.
According to the joint study lead by the Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University),
Andrographolide extracts isolated from the herb exhibited a significant property against diabetes-associated cognitive deficits, increased acetylcholinesterase activity and deteriorated antioxidative status which can increase risk of cognitive impairment.
In the study of Streptozotocin-induced diabetic Charles Foster albino rats treated orally with a hydro-methanolic A. paniculata leaf extract (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg/day), or with pure andrographolide (15, 30 and 60 mg/kg/day) for 10 consecutive days, group treated showed an increased levels of antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) and decreased lipid peroxidation (LPO) in brain tissues.
Dr. the lead author said, "AP or andrographolide treatments dose-dependently attenuated cognitive deficits, reduced acetylcholinesterase activity, oxidative stress, improved diabetic hyperglycemia, and insulin deficiency".
In the social species, Octodon degus (degu) developed Alzheimer's-like pathology with age, oral administration of (Andrographolide, ANDRO), to aged degus (56-month old) for 3 months in comparison to administrated saline of control groups (young degus: 12-month old and aged degus: 56-month old), showed a strong effect on recovery of spatial memory and learning performance and protection of brain tissues against plague accumulation in inducing brain neural damage associated with aging processes.
In support of the above analysis, the study of "Andrographolide reduces cognitive impairment in young and mature AβPPswe/PS-1 mice" suggested that the efficacy of the herbal medicine not only protects the long-term potentiation (LTP) against the damage induced by Aβ oligomers but also prevent the changes in neuropathology in tested subjects.
In fact, ANDRO also reduced the Aβ levels, changing the ontogeny of amyloid plaques, and tau phosphorylation in regulated brain cell survival around the Aβ oligomeric species.
There is no doubt that Andrographis paniculata may have a pharmaceutical value in treating cognitive impairment, further large sample size and multi centers studies are necessary.
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Sources
(1) Andrographolide recovers cognitive impairment in a natural model of Alzheimer's disease (Octodon degus).by Rivera DS1, Lindsay C2, Codocedo JF2, Morel I3, Pinto C2, Cisternas P4, Bozinovic F5, Inestrosa NC6.(PubMed)
(2) Beneficial effects of an Andrographis paniculata extract and andrographolide on cognitive functions in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats by Thakur AK1, Rai G2, Chatterjee SS3, Kumar V1.(PubMed)
(3) Andrographolide reduces cognitive impairment in young and mature AβPPswe/PS-1 mice by Serrano FG1, Tapia-Rojas C2, Carvajal FJ3, Hancke J4, Cerpa W5, Inestrosa NC6,7,8,9,10,11(PubMed)
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